腊月二十三过小年，民间祭灶习俗及后续相关仪式
（1）除夕23
第十二个月月的第23天，也称为“小新年”，是为厨房牺牲的一天。
据说，每年第十二个月球的23日，厨房神都会上天堂向玉皇帝报告这个家庭的善与恶，并要求玉皇皇帝奖励和惩罚。因此，在发送炉子时，人们将糖果，水，豆子和饲料放在炉子雕像前面的桌子上；其中，最后三个是为炉子国王的山登上天堂准备材料。在向厨房神献祭时，您必须用火融化瓜东糖，然后将其涂在厨房的嘴上。这样，他就不会对玉皇帝说生病。人们之间有一种习俗，“男人不崇拜月亮，女人不崇拜厨房的炉子”，因此崇拜厨房的神仅限于男人。
此外，在除夕晚上，厨房神将与众神庆祝新年，并举行“接收炉子”和“接待众神”的仪式。在每个家庭燃烧轿车椅子之后，撒了三杯葡萄酒，然后将厨房神送走，轮到崇拜祖先了。
依恋：粉尘扫
在第十二个月月，每个家庭都准备庆祝新的一年。清晰的灰尘是去除旧的灰尘并欢迎新的灰尘，并去除不祥的东西。所有家庭都必须仔细而彻底清洁，以确保窗户明亮而清洁。在北京，第十二个月月的第24天通常被指定为“房屋扫地一天”
灰尘清洁主要涉及对房屋进行彻底清洁。家庭主妇通常首先遮盖房间里的床和家具，用头巾包裹头，然后用扫帚上下扫过墙壁。扫了房子后，擦洗桌子和椅子，然后冲洗地板。扫描房屋后，所有商店和居民的房屋均已完全更新。新发布的春节对联鲜艳而眼花azz乱，展现出繁荣而繁荣的风景。生动的门神，仰望喜悦的横幅，精美的窗户花朵，五颜六色的新年照片，花朵般的灯笼以及神殿上的丰富牺牲都显示了快乐而繁荣的节日场景。
（2）除夕
除夕是除夕。这一天是人们用餐，喝酒，玩耍和玩乐的一天。北方人做饺子，而南方人则制作米蛋糕。饺子的形状就像是“ Yuanbao”，米蛋糕的声音就像“年龄大”，这都是好运的好兆头。
在除夕，整个家庭一起举行了“团圆晚餐”，这使新年的家庭聚会味道。当吃除夕晚餐时，桌子上的“鱼”无法移动，因为鱼每年代表“丰富”和“盈余”，象征着来年的“财富和运气”。这是一种装饰，无法触及。
关于本年度的起源也有一个传奇。根据传说，在古代，我们的祖先受到最凶猛的野兽的威胁。这种野兽被称为“ Nian”。它捕获所有动物的食物。在冬天，当山区稀缺食物时，它将闯入村庄，狩猎人们和牲畜，人们整天都会恐慌。人们多年来一直在与“ Nian”作战，人们发现Nian害怕三件事：红色，火和声音。因此，在冬天，人们在门上挂着红桃子木板，在门上燃烧大火，整夜睡觉，敲打和跳动。那天晚上，“新年”闯入了村庄，看到了每个家庭的红色和火，听到了震惊的天空的声音，如此害怕，以至于他们跑回了深山，从不敢再次出来。随着夜晚的过去，人们在婚礼上互相祝贺，每个人都喝灯，喝酒并举行了宴会来庆祝他们的胜利。
为了纪念这一胜利，每个家庭都会在冬季的这个时候将红纸对联粘贴在门上，电动灯笼，锣和鼓，并启动鞭炮和烟火。晚上，整夜观看；第二天，清晨互相祝贺。这是世代相传的，并成为“除夕”。
除夕的新年高潮是在除夕之后寄出“新年钱”的时候。然后，我发布了春节的对联和门神，并关闭了门。直到新年的第一天早晨，门才打开“接受财富之神”。接下来是整个家庭呆到清晨。
除夕的灯光整夜都很长，通常称为“光年”。
在各个地方的除夕习俗大致相同，但是在某些地方的习俗非常独特，例如苏州，北京，台湾等。在苏州除夕，我们必须等待来自Fengqiao的Hanshan Temple的大声钟声。当铃铛穿过漆黑的夜晚并到达数千个家庭时，它标志着新年的到来。
不管春季，夏季，秋季和冬季，每天，午夜，都会听到Hanshan Temple的巨大声音，这被称为“午夜”。这个铃铛已成为苏州城市和农村数十英里范围内人们生活的时间。汉汉神庙的钟声也出现在这首诗中，最广泛的传播是张王子的诗人张吉（Zhang Ji）的“夜晚泊”：
月亮坐着，乌鸦哭泣，霜在天空中到处都是，河流枫木钓鱼大火正面临着睡眠的悲伤。
在古苏市外的汉汉神庙，钟声在半夜到达了客船。
现在，每个新年的前夕，苏州·汉绍神庙仍然遵循永恒的习俗，并敲响了钟声以区分岁月。在古苏（Gusu）的城市和农村地区，在熬到新年的最后一刻，将从广播中听到明亮的汉尚神庙钟声，并报告年初。成千上万的家庭听到钟声和鞭炮时，古老的汉尚寺铃已成为时代的象征。
北京的新年前夜更加忙碌，敬拜祖先，接待神灵并接受炉灶。崇拜神灵和祖先的仪式开始，整个北京城市都被鞭打着鞭炮的声音所淹没。人们仍在自己的院子里铺设芝麻稻草，整个家庭都踏上了芝麻，这被称为“踏上一年”，这意味着长寿。除夕整夜都明亮，人们告别了最新的。新年钟声响起时，来自各个家庭的饺子也被放入锅里，人们很有趣。
台湾的除夕夜不是新年前夕，而是“元旦”。下午，在大厅神社前牺牲动物。到了晚上，整个家庭燃烧了香和kowtow，然后向长老竞标。接下来是“地板”，这是豪华的除夕晚餐。整个家庭坐在桌子旁，上面放着碗碟，桌子底下有一个野蛮人。 “ Fenghuo”为除夕带来了高潮。除非对于离家遥远的流浪者绝对必要，否则无论他们有多远或忙碌，他们都会赶回回家。除夕晚餐后，蜡烛被燃烧得很高，熬夜。 daughter妇将使长者富有和长寿。她不能早睡。她坐的时间越长，长者的寿命越长。这表明了纯粹的虔诚。
据说在除夕出生的人们在生活中会非常幸运：是的，没有这样的话吗？ “每个家庭在农历新年期间都吃饺子。”看，即使您出生在一个状况恶劣的家庭中，您仍然可以吃饺子。你能不幸吗？
（3）灯笼节
第一个月球的第15天是传统的中国节灯笼节。第一个月是第一个月，古人称为“小”，第15天是一年中的第一个满月之夜，所以第一个月的第十五天称为灯笼节。也被称为“上海节”。根据中国民间的传统，在节日之夜开始，大地焕发青春，明亮的月亮悬挂在天空中，而五颜六色的灯笼在地上。人们观看灯笼，猜猜谜语，吃灯笼节，并与家人团聚并玩得开心。
灯笼节起源于汉朝，据说是为了纪念汉皇帝统治期间纪念“ ping lu”的。汉皇帝去世后，刘ying皇后苏罗尔·苏伊尔（Lüusur）权力，吕氏氏族控制了政府。卢女皇去世后，周·博（Zhou Bo），陈平（Chen Ping）和其他人击败了卢女皇（Empress Lu）的力量，并支持刘亨（Liu Heng）为汉（Han）的皇帝。因为让朱卢平静下来的一天是第一个月球的第15天，即每年第一个月球的第15天，汉的第一个月15日，韩皇帝穿着僻静的衣服离开了宫殿，并享受着人们的纪念。第一个月球的第15天也被指定为灯笼节。在汉皇帝统治期间
“太极上帝”的牺牲活动在第一个月球的第15天。 Sima Qian将灯笼节列为“ Taichu Calendar”的主要节日。
在我国的灯笼节上，有一个习惯在灯笼节上吃灯笼节。据民间说法，灯笼节起源于春季和秋季时期的赵国王。在第一个月球的第15天，楚的赵国王经过扬兹河，在河上看到浮动物体，这是一种甜食，外面是白色的，内部是红色的。楚的赵国王向孔子寻求建议，孔子说：“这是一种鸭蛋的果实，是耶和华复兴的标志。”灯笼节就像春节的饭蛋糕和龙船节的米饭饺子一样，都是度假食品。吃灯笼节象征着像满月一样的家庭聚会，并表达了人们对未来生活的良好祝愿。灯笼节被称为“麸质米球”，“屋顶弹簧”，“浮动弹簧”和“水弹”。它是由粘性米制成的，无论是固体还是塞满。馅料包括豆糊，糖，山楂等，可以煮熟，油炸，蒸或油炸。
灯笼节上照明灯笼的习俗起源于道家“三人理论”。第一个月球的第15天是上海节，7月15日的第15天是中国节节，10月15日的第15天是小小的节日。负责上层，中层和下游标志的三名官员是“天堂”，“地球”和“人”的三名官员。天上的官员很高兴，因此必须在上海岛的音乐节上点亮灯。灯笼节是设定火灾的。自汉朝以来，这种习俗就已经存在。在唐朝期间，灯笼节更加关注它。它成为灯笼节上灯笼节的习俗。汤王朝的一位伟大诗人卢Zhaolin曾经在灯笼节上描述了灯笼节上的盛大时刻，这是在“汉朝怀疑星空落在建筑物上的“汉王朝”中的“观看灯笼”的“观看灯笼”。灯笼节上照明灯笼的习俗已经从王朝中传下来，灯笼越来越多，灯笼的名字越来越多，包括镜子灯笼，凤凰灯笼，玻璃灯笼等。除了在灯笼节期间照明灯，还可以帮助您进行烟火。
“猜测谜语”也称为“表演谜语”，这是在灯笼节之后添加的活动，并出现在宋朝。在南部歌曲王朝期间，首都林恩（Lin'an）是灯笼节的粉丝，有很多人猜测谜语。一开始，热情的人在纸条上写下了谜语，并将其张贴在五颜六色的灯笼上，供人们猜测。由于谜语可以启发智慧和感兴趣，因此它们在流通期间在各行各业中都非常受欢迎。
除庆祝活动外，灯笼节还举办忠实的活动。也就是说，“在一百个疾病上行走”，也称为“一百个疾病烧烤”和“散布在一百个疾病上”。大多数参与者是女性。他们一起行走，走在墙壁上，或者十字架桥走到乡村，目的是开车消除疾病并消除灾难。
随着时间的流逝，灯笼节上越来越多的活动。许多地方都增加了活动，例如演奏龙灯笼，狮子，高跷，划船干船和跳舞的扬科，以及在节日期间演奏taip的鼓。
（4）龙于2月2日举起头
根据民间传奇的说法，第二天的第二天，这是那天，龙王负责天空中的乌云和雨水，抬起头。从那时起，雨将逐渐增加。因此，这一天被称为“春龙节”。
我的国家北部有一个民间谚语，“龙在2月2日上升； Okura饱满，Okura流动。”
每当春季龙音乐节来到时，我国家北部的大多数地区都会在今天早上使用灯笼在井或河边携带水。当他们返回家园时，他们将点燃灯，燃烧香并提供产品。在过去，人们称这种仪式为“启发田野龙”。在这一天，每个家庭还需要吃面条，炸蛋糕和炸爆米花，这是一个好运的标志，作为“挑选龙的头”，“吃牛tentian”，“ Golden Beans”，“金豆”盛开，龙之王升起天堂，云朵和雨水，云朵和雨水，谷物丰富”，以表现出好运。
春季龙音乐节的起源是一个神话，在我国家北部的人们中流传着。据说吴Zetian成为皇帝，激怒了玉皇帝，并告诉四海的龙王，他在三年内不会在地球上下雨。很快，siguantianhe的龙之王听着人民的哭泣，饿死了。他担心世界的生活会被切断，因此他不服从玉皇的意志，并在世界上下雨。杰德皇帝得知他已经击败了龙王到凡人世界，将他压在山上遭受痛苦，并在山上竖起了一座纪念碑：
如果龙国王在降雨时违反了天堂的规则，他将遭受数千年的世界犯罪。
如果您想再次攀登Lingxiao Pavilion，除非金豆盛开。
为了拯救龙王，人们在各处寻找盛开的金豆。第二年的第二天的第二天，当人们转动和干燥玉米种子时，他们认为玉米就像金豆一样。当他们搅拌时，他们开花。不只是金豆盛开吗？每个家庭都充满了爆米花，在院子里设置了一个箱子以燃烧香，并为花朵提供“金豆”。当龙王抬起头时，他知道人们正在拯救它，他向玉皇大声喊道：“金豆在开花，让我出去！”当翡翠皇帝看到世界各地的金豆盛开时，他不得不发出命令，并命令龙王返回天上的法院，并继续在世界上散布雨水。从那时起，人们就习惯了第二天的第二天每天吃爆米花。
实际上，在月历的第二个月之后，“雨水”太阳能术语即将到来，冬季降雨较少的现象以及降雨将逐渐增加。这是中国季风气候的特征。
（5）青节
“春分后的十五天，杜指向丁，这是对的。当时，所有东西都很干净，清晰。当时，气风清楚，风景很明亮，所有的东西都是显而易见的，因此命名为命名。”在今年的二十四个太阳条款中，人们非常重视登月日历第四个月5日的Qingming节。
牺牲坟墓在辛格节中的习俗是从汉朝继承的。后来，它在人民中流行，并继续下降了两千年。在这一天，每个家庭的申请儿子和孙子都必须去郊区崇拜他们的祖先，除草墓地，为坟墓添加土壤，然后清理和修复。在现代，送货的儿子和孙子可能不一定遵守Qingming节上的Qingming节。节日前几天会敬拜几天，有些人会在节日期间敬拜几天，但总的来说，这只是去坟墓上崇拜庆祝音乐节。
郊游是一个辅助节目，可以补充清明节。在坟墓扫地期间，一家人利用了在山上和田野里谋生的便利，他们摔断了柳树树枝，把它们放在头上，等到他们来到黄昏回家。
（6）中午节
第五个月球的第五天是龙船节，也称为龙船节，中午节，五一劳动节，AI节，杜安瓦节，杜安瓦节，杜安瓦节，中午日，中午日和夏季音乐节。尽管名字不同，但在不同地方庆祝节日的人们的习俗是相同的。龙船节是我国家的一种古老习俗，已有2000多年的历史。每天，每个家庭都会悬挂钟库的形象，悬挂莫格沃特的叶子和鱿鱼，种族龙船，吃米饭饺子，喝真正的葡萄酒，与各种疾病的旅行，穿着香囊和准备牺牲葡萄酒。
龙船节的第一个意义是纪念历史上伟大的国家诗人Qu Yuan。 Qu Yuan的名字叫Ping，在交战状态时期是Chu的本地人。他出生于Chu King Wei五年级的第一个月球的第七天。有人说他出生于楚王国王的二十七年，并于楚国王的九年去世。
龙船节的第二个意义是吴齐克斯的死。 Wu Zixu是一位著名官员，是Chu的本地人。他的父亲和兄弟都被楚国王杀死。后来，Zixu放弃了秘密，逃到了明朝，并赶往武士帮助吴攻击楚。他参加了五场战斗进入楚首都英昌。当时，楚国王平（King Ping）死了，齐克斯（Zixu）挖了坟墓，鞭打了尸体以报仇父亲和兄弟的谋杀案。吴国王去世后，他的儿子富盖（Fuchai）继承了王位。吴军非常士气，赢得了每场战斗。 Yue王国被击败。 Yue的Goujian国王要求和平，Fuchai同意。 Zixu建议应完全消除YUE状态。富盖（Fuchai）拒绝听。吴的牧师被Yue和Framed Zixu贿赂。富盖（Fuchai）相信这一点，并给了Zixu一把剑，Zixu死于此。 Zixu最初是忠诚和忠诚的，就像他在家一样对待死亡。在他去世之前，他对邻居说：“我去世后，我挖出眼睛，将它们挂在武装的东门上，看到尤伊军队进入城市摧毁吴。”然后他自杀。 Fuchai听到这件事并命令Zixu的尸体将其扔进皮革并于5月5日将其扔进河中时感到愤怒。因此，据说龙船节也在纪念吴齐克斯的日子。
龙船节的第三个意义是纪念东汉王朝的孝顺女儿，后者拯救了她的父亲并在她跳入河流后死亡。 Cao e来自东部汉朝香格。她的父亲淹死在河里，几天没有看到尸体。当时，Cao E只有14岁，昼夜哭泣。十七天后，他于5月5日跳入河，五天后，他进行了父亲的尸体。它被传给了一个神话，然后传给了县长，杜尚为此竖起了一座纪念碑，允许他的门徒handan chun赞美它。孝子女儿库埃（Cao e）的坟墓位于省省Shaoxing。后来，Cao e Stele由Jin的Wang Yi撰写。为了纪念Cao e的孝顺，后来的几代人建造了Cao'e temple，在这里跳入河中。她所居住的村庄和城镇被更名为Cao'e Town，以及Cao'e父亲被命名为Cao'e河的地方。
龙船节的第四个意义是纪念现代革命的女诗人Qiu Jin。 Qiu Jin于6月5日去世。为了欣赏他的诗，后来的几代人哀悼了他的忠诚和勇敢的行为，他们对诗人纪念日表示了纪念。诗人节也被指定为纪念爱国诗人Qu Yuan的龙船节。 Qiu Jin的礼貌名称是Ruiqing Jingxiong，他的昵称是江宫女英雄。他来自千省Shaoxing。他年轻时就擅长诗歌，歌词，歌曲和FU。他喜欢骑马和击剑。他在世界上被称为Mulan和Qin Liangyu。他在28岁时参加了革命，并具有很大的影响力。他计划起义。在会议期间，他被清金士兵俘虏。他拒绝投降。他在Xuanhengkou勇敢地被处决，并于6月5日，第33年期间。
悬挂中孔的形象：钟库捕捉鬼魂是龙船节的习俗。在江艾岛地区，每个家庭都悬挂了郑库的形象，以压制房屋并驱逐邪恶的邪灵。唐朝皇帝明王从李山回到宫殿，学习武术。他的疟疾很棒。他梦见了两个鬼，一个大，一个小。幽灵穿着大红色的裤裤，偷了杨盖伊夫的小袋和敏皇帝的玉笛，然后在大厅里跑来跑去。大幽灵戴着蓝色的长袍和帽子，抓住了小鬼魂，挖出了他的眼睛，一口吞下。明天皇帝问，幽灵说：“我的姓是中库·库伊，我不在武术仪式上。我愿意消除你的狂欢狂。驱逐邪恶恶魔的节日。”
悬挂的莫格沃特叶子和鱿鱼：在龙船节上，每个家庭都使用鱿鱼，莫卧儿叶子，花花公子花，大蒜和龙船花，使人类形式称为穆格沃特。将木满树叶悬挂在大厅里，将它们切成老虎的形状，或将其切成丝带，使它们有点老虎，然后用莫格沃特的叶子粘贴它们。妇女竞争穿着她们，以邪恶的烈酒驱赶米亚玛。将鱿鱼用作剑，然后将其插入lintel，具有驱除恶魔和鬼魂的效果。
龙船赛车：当时，楚的人不愿放开他们的智慧部长奎恩（Qu Yuan），死了，如此多的人划船以追逐和拯救他们。当他们追逐加州湖时，他们冲向顶部，消失了。这是龙船竞赛的起源。他们每年5月5日骑着龙船来纪念它。用龙船驱逐河里的鱼，以防止鱼吃Qu Yuan的身体。在WU，YUE和CHU中，竞争渡轮的习惯很普遍。在清朝的Qianlong的29年中，台湾举行了一场龙规比赛。当时，台湾地方法官江云在塔南的法豪庙的半月池塘举办了一场友好的比赛。现在，每年5月5日在台湾举行龙卷比赛。香港有竞争，最近，英国人也遵循了我国的实践，组织了幽灵团队并举行了比赛。
吃Zongzi：Jingchu的人们厨师煮真正的米饭或蒸汽米饭，并于5月5日将其扔进河中，崇拜Qu Yuan。为了避免吃鱼，他们使用竹管来包装麸质米饭并将其扔掉。后来，他们用米叶包裹米饭而不是竹管。
喝真正的葡萄酒：这种习惯在长江盆地的家庭中非常受欢迎。
出于数百种疾病旅行：这种习俗在圭村的龙船音乐节海关中很受欢迎。
穿着小袋：在龙船节上戴小袋的孩子不仅意味着避免邪恶并开车驱逐瘟疫，而且还具有装饰项圈的风格。小香囊含有肉桂，皇家和熏香药。它用丝布包裹，香水无处不在。然后，它被扣成五色丝绸弦的绳子，使其成各种形状，并打结成一根绳子，这是精致而醒目的绳子。
（7）6月6日姨妈一天
“ 6月6日，请阿姨。”过去，第六个月的第六天，农村习俗将邀请已婚女孩和女孩收回他们的年轻人和年轻人，然后将它们送回。
根据传说，在春季和秋季和交战国家时期，有一位总理在金州立大学。他是一个英雄，受到保护并跟随杜克·温·宗尔（Duke Wen Chong'er）流放到所有国家。他被授予总理头衔并统治了政府。他非常聪明，有能力。他非常尊重他。每次Hu Yan在第六个月的第六天庆祝他的生日时，无数人给他生日。这样，胡恩慢慢地感到骄傲。随着时间的流逝，人们对他不满意。但是胡恩是强大而有力的，人们不敢大声疾呼。
Hu Yan的女儿的公婆是当时的英雄Zhao Shuai。他对Hu Yan的举动感到非常恶心，并与他交谈。但是，胡话没有听痛苦的话，而是在公共场合责骂他的公婆。 Zhao Shuai老了而虚弱，很快死于愤怒。他的儿子讨厌他的岳父不友好和正义，并决心为父亲报仇。 `
第二年，金州的夏季谷物受到灾难的打击。 Hu Yan离开北京释放谷物。他说，他说他肯定会在第六个月的第六天回来庆祝自己的生日。胡·亚恩（Hu Yan）的女son得到了消息，并决定在六月的第六天举行一个大宴会，以杀死胡恩（Hu yan）并为他的父亲报仇。胡·亚的女son遇见了他的妻子。问她：“世界上的人们讨厌像我岳父一样的人吗？”胡·亚恩（Hu Yan）的女儿也对她父亲的行为感到非常生气，然后随便回答：“即使我恨他，你必须说别人吗？”他的丈夫告诉她计划。当他的妻子听到这句话时，她的脸变成了红色和白色，她说：“我来自你的家人，我不在乎父母的家。你可以做到！”
从那时起，胡·亚的女儿整天都被吓到了。她讨厌父亲自大和无情的公婆。但是后来我想起了我父亲的善良，而我的亲生女儿无法通过死亡拯救。她终于在6月的第五天跑回父母的家，向母亲介绍丈夫的计划。我的母亲震惊了，匆匆寄给了Hu Yan一夜之间。
当胡·扬（Hu Yan）的女son看到他的妻子逃跑时，他知道秘密暴露了，所以他待在家里，等待胡恩（Hu Yan）来与他打交道。
在第六个月的第六天凌晨，胡话亲自来到了姻亲的家中。当Hu Yan见到他的女son时，他似乎很好。岳父和女son一起返回总理的家。在那年的生日聚会上，胡话说：“我今年已经发行了食物。我知道我近年来我的工作中犯了错误。今天，旨在伤害我的女son妇女。尽管这是残酷的，但事实并没有太残酷。他没有做过伤害。他对他的危害了。他对父亲的危害也不怪。我也不会责怪他。她曾付出了我的福音。她的父亲是福音。无论仇恨如何，女son会看到我的脸，并调和她的双方！”从那时起，胡就会真正改革，岳父和女son比以前更近。为了永远记住这一课，胡话邀请他的女儿和女son每年6月6日团聚。当此事公开时，人们效仿并在6月6日收回女儿，以避免报仇和怨恨，避免灾难和困难。随着时间的流逝，它已成为一种习惯，并一直被传给今天，被称为“阿姨节”。
（8）QIXI音乐节
在过去，7月7日是一个非常活跃的节日。当时，这位年轻女子是今天最感兴趣的人。他们穿着新衣服，崇拜双星星，并恳求技巧。
在歌曲王朝期间，杭州的幼儿在中国情人节那天经常模仿“ Mohouluo”，穿着半臂的花衣，并装饰榆树叶子，水果和其他乞讨技巧的人物。他们弥补了笑容，并将蜡的普通话鸭和其他漂浮在水上的水鸟。女人喜欢将小蜘蛛存放在盒子里，以便蜘蛛可以在盒子中编织网。要查看网站的密集程度，称为“智能”。
为中国情人节最年轻和中年女儿来说，打一根针头乞求技能是一个计划之一。据说它在汉朝很受欢迎。 “ Jingchu sui shi ji”说：7月7日，这是早晨荣耀和织布工女孩聚会的夜晚。那天晚上，妇女绑着五颜六色的线，刺穿了七洞针头。有些人还将“螺纹针头”更改为“投掷针头”。 The form is to put a bowl of water on the night of the Chinese Valentine's Day and place it under the stars. Then throw the embroidery needle into the water and let it float on the water surface. The needle shadow reflected by the starlight shines on the bottom of the bowl, which will produce floating shadows and vary greatly. According to its shape, you can tell whether the needle embroidery work is clumsy or clever.
There is also a game show where seven girls invite each other to join each other in the garden on the night of the Chinese Valentine's Day, each covering his eyes with a scarf, then looking up to the sky, facing the Cowherd and the Weaver Girl, and predicting their lifelong events based on the scenes they see. But how can you see the astronomical phenomena when you hide your eyes? This is naturally not about looking at the double stars, but about closing your eyes to make a fantasy.
As a "Valentine's Day", the mythical Chinese Valentine's Day should also have its meaning.
(9) Ghost Festival
The fifteenth day of the seventh lunar month every year is the "Ullamban Festival", also known as the "Zhongyuan Festival". In some places, it is commonly known as the "Ghost Festival" and "Shi Gu". It was originally a Buddhist ritual in India. Buddhists held the "Ullambane Conference" to recommend their ancestors; the "Ullambane Sutra" in the Buddhist scriptures uses filial piety to encourage Buddhist disciples, which is in line with the common belief of China's pursuit of the ancestors and mourning far away, so it became more popular. The story of Mulian saving the mother's misfortune is widely circulated among the people:
"The monk with Essence Lotus has great power. His mother fell into the realm of hungry ghosts. When the food entered her mouth, it turned into flames. She was too hungry and suffering. Essence Lotus could not save her mother's misfortune, so she sought advice from the Buddha. In order to preach the Ullambana Sutra, she taught her to make Ullambana on July 15 to save her mother."
China began to imitate this in the Liang Dynasty, and followed it into the Zhongyuan Festival. However, in addition to setting up a vegetarian service to monks, activities such as repentance and opening up the flame mouth were also added.
On this day, a wizard seat and a Shi Gutai were set up in front of Jiekou Village in advance. In front of the monk's seat is the Ksitigarbha Bodhisattva who saved the ghosts of "hell", and underneath is a plate of peaches and rice made on the surface. There are three spirit signs and soul-summoning banners on Shi Gu platform. After noon, all households placed all pigs, sheep, chickens, ducks, geese, and various types of cakes, fruits, melons and fruits on the platform. The in charge of the party put a handful of triangle paper flags of blue, red, green and other colors on each sacrifice, and wrote the words "Yulan Festival" and "Nanlu Door Opening". The ceremony began with a solemn and melodious temple music. Immediately afterwards, the monks rang the bell and led the monks under their seats to recite various mantras and mantras. Then feed, sprinkle a plate of peaches and rice in all directions, and repeat three times. This kind of ritual is called "Flame the Flame".
At night, every household will burn incense at their doorstep and insert the incense on the ground. The more the better, it symbolizes a bumper harvest, which is called "cloth field". There are activities of water lanterns in some places; the so-called water lantern is a lamp that is tied on a small wooden board, and most of them are made of colored paper into lotus shapes, called "water and dry lamps". According to traditional sayings, water lamps are intended to guide the way for those unjustly dead ghosts. When the lamp goes out, the water lamp completes the task of luring the wronged soul across the Naihe Bridge. The shops were closed that day, and the streets were given to ghosts. In the middle of the street, a table of incense is placed every hundred steps, with fresh fruits and a kind of "ghost buns". Behind the table, there was a Taoist priest singing a ghost sacrifice song that people couldn't understand. This kind of ceremony is called "Shi Geer".
The Lantern Festival is the Lantern Festival on earth, and people celebrate the Lantern Festival with lanterns and lanterns. "Zhongyuan" comes from Shangyuan. People believe that the Zhongyuan Festival is a ghost festival, and lights should be placed to celebrate the festival for ghosts. However, there is a difference between humans and ghosts, so the Zhongyuan lamp is different from the Shangyuan lamp. People are yang, ghosts are yin; land is yang, water is yin. The mysterious and dark underwater reminds people of the legendary hell, where the ghosts sink. Therefore, the Shangyuan lamp is on land, and the Zhongyuan lamp is in water.
The ghosts sink in the underworld. Therefore, the Shangyuan lamp is on land, and the Zhongyuan lamp is in water.
(10) Mid-Autumn Festival
August 15th is the middle of autumn, so it is called Mid-Autumn Festival or Mid-Autumn Festival. The moon on August 15th is rounder and brighter than the full moon in other months, so it is also called "Moonlight" and "August Festival". On the eve of the Mid-Autumn Festival, people should reunite with their families as much as possible, and the meaning of the full moon and the 15th day of August is also called "Reunion Festival".
Mid-Autumn Festival is a traditional folk festival for the Han and ethnic minorities. As early as the Third Dynasties, my country had the custom of "Autumn and Evening Moon". The moon in the evening means worshiping the moon god. In the Zhou Dynasty, welcoming the cold and worshiping the moon every Mid-Autumn Festival night was held. In the Tang Dynasty, viewing and playing with the moon were quite popular in the Mid-Autumn Festival. In the Southern Song Dynasty, people gave each other moon cakes to make the meaning of reunion. In the evening, there are activities such as moon viewing and lake tours. Since the Ming and Qing Dynasties, the customs of the Mid-Autumn Festival have become more prevalent; many places have formed special customs such as burning incense, treeing Mid-Autumn Festival, lighting tower lanterns, setting up sky lanterns, walking on the moon, and dancing fire dragons. Today, the custom of playing under the moon is far less popular than it used to be. However, banquets and moon viewing are still very popular. People drink wine to celebrate the moon to celebrate a beautiful life, or wish their relatives far away good health and happiness, and "share the beauty of the moon with their families from afar."
In the past, on Mid-Autumn Festival nights in Jiangsu, women mostly went out to play under the moon, visiting each other, or going to Buddhist temples and nunners together, or holding grand literary and artistic activities. Even played until the fourth update. This custom is called "Walking on the Moon". The customs in Shanghai are similar to those in Jiangsu. It's just on Mid-Autumn Festival night, women must walk over at least three bridges when going out for fun, so it is called “walking on three bridges.”
In ancient times, there were also moon worship and moon worship activities. Set up a big incense table and place mooncakes, watermelons, apples, red dates, plums, grapes and other offerings. Among them, mooncakes and watermelons are absolutely indispensable. The watermelon should also be cut into lotus shapes. Under the moon, place the statue of the moon in that direction of the moon, and the red candle is lit high, and the whole family worships the moon in turn, and then the housewife cuts the reunion moon cake.
The person who cuts the cuts must calculate in advance how many people there are in the whole family. Those who are at home and outside the country must count them together. They cannot cut more or less, and the size must be the same. If there is a pregnant woman at home, you should cut one more portion.
Worshiping the moon does not refer to worshiping the moon when worshiping the moon. This custom originated from the Northern Song Dynasty capital. That night, all the families in the city, no matter the poor, rich and young, had to wear adult clothes, burn incense and worship the moon and express their wishes, and pray for the blessing of the Moon God. According to legend, Wu Yan, an ugly girl from Qi State, worshipped the moon devoutly when she was young. When she grew up, she entered the palace with her outstanding qualities, but she was not favored. On August 15th, a certain year, the emperor saw her in the moonlight and thought she was beautiful and later made her the queen. The Mid-Autumn Festival worship came from this. Chang'e in the moon is famous for her beauty, so the girl worships the moon and wishes to "look like Chang'e and face like the bright moon."
Many places have also formed many special Mid-Autumn Festival customs. Such as the Fire Dragon Dance in Hong Kong, the Pagoda Pagoda in Anhui, the Mid-Autumn Festival in Guangzhou, the Burning Tazai in Jinjiang, the Moon Watching in Shihu, the Dai people's worship of the moon, the Miao people's moon jumping, the Dong people's moon stealing vegetables, and the high mountain people's ball-holding dance.
There are many customs and different forms of Mid-Autumn Festival, but they all embody people's infinite love for life and yearning for a better life.
(11) Chongyang
On the ninth day of the ninth lunar month, the two nines are resonant, which is called "recent nine". Also, in ancient my country, six was the yin number and nine was the yang number, so the 9 was called "Dongyang".
The origin of the Double Ninth Festival can be extended to the early Han Dynasty. It is said that in the palace, every September 9, every year, we wear dogwood, eat bait, and drink chrysanthemum wine to seek longevity. After the beloved concubine of Emperor Gaozu of Han, Liu Bang, was tragically harmed by Empress Lu, the palace maid Jia was also expelled from the palace and introduced this custom to the people.
In ancient times, the people had the custom of climbing high on that day, so the Double Ninth Festival is also called "Climbing High Festival". According to legend, this custom began in the Eastern Han Dynasty. There are many poems about climbing the heights in the Tang Dynasty, most of which are about the customs of the Double Ninth Festival; Du Fu's seven-character "Climbing the High" is a famous work about climbing the heights in the Double Ninth Festival. There is no uniform rule for wherever you go to climb high, usually climbing mountains and climbing towers. There is also the custom of eating "Dongyang Cake". The exquisite Chongyang cake should be made into nine layers, like a pagoda, and two lambs are also made into them to match the meaning of Chongyang (sheep). Some even put a small red paper flag on the Chongyang cake and lighted candlelights. This is probably using "lighting the lamp" and "eating cake" instead of "climbing the high", and using the small red paper flag instead of dogwood.
On the Double Ninth Festival, you also want to enjoy chrysanthemums and drink chrysanthemum wine, which originated from Tao Yuanming. Tao Yuanming was famous for his seclusion, his poetry, his wine, and his love for chrysanthemums. Later generations followed him, and thus he had the custom of appreciating chrysanthemums on the Double Ninth Festival. In the past, the literati and officials often combined the appreciation of chrysanthemums and banquets to make it closer to Tao Yuanming. In Kaifeng, the capital of the Northern Song Dynasty, it was very popular to appreciate chrysanthemums in the Chongyang period, and there were many species of chrysanthemums at that time. After the Qing Dynasty, the custom of appreciating chrysanthemums was particularly prosperous, and it was not limited to September 9th, but it was still the most prosperous around the Double Ninth Festival.
The custom of inserting dogwood on the Double Ninth Festival was already very common in the Tang Dynasty. The ancients believed that on Double Ninth Festival, we could take refuge and eliminate disasters; we could wear them on our arms, or put them in incense bags, and put them on our heads. Most of them are worn by women and children, and men also wear them in some places. The Double Ninth Festival is a dogwood worn on the Double Ninth Festival, which is recorded in Ge Hong's "Miscellaneous Notes on the Western Classics" in the Jin Dynasty.
In addition to wearing dogwood on Double Ninth Festival, we also wear chrysanthemums. This has been the case in the Tang Dynasty and has been popular throughout the ages. In the Qing Dynasty, the custom of Beijing's Double Ninth Festival was to paste the branches and leaves of chrysanthemums on the doors and windows to "relieve evil and bring good luck." This is the change of the custom of wearing chrysanthemums on the head. In the Song Dynasty, there were also people who cut colorful silk into dogwood and chrysanthemums to wear them.
(12) Winter Solstice
The Winter Solstice, commonly known as the "Winter Festival", was a very grand festival in ancient times. Among the twenty-four solar terms, the winter solstice is also the most valued.
The ancients believed that when it was the winter solstice, although it was still in the cold season, spring was not far away. At this time, everyone going out has to go home for the Winter Festival, indicating that they have a destination at the end of the year. People in Fujian and Taiwan believe that the winter solstice is a festival for the whole family to reunite, because on this day we have to worship our ancestors. If we go out and don't go home, we are people who do not recognize our ancestors.
The winter solstice is the longest night of the year. Many people use this night to make the "Winter Solstice round" with glutinous rice flour. In order to distinguish it from the "death of the year" on the eve of the Spring Festival later, the day before the winter festival is called "Tiansui" or "Su Sui", which means that the "year" has not yet ended, but everyone has already grown one year old.
Although the customs and folk customs in different parts of our country are different, they are roughly the same. When making the winter solstice round, you often pinch some small animals at the request of your children, such as kittens, puppies, rabbits, tigers, etc. The children are happy every time this time. Before eating the winter solstice round, you must stick a winter solstice round behind the doors, windows, tables, cabinets, beds and lamps, which is called "sweeping the sun". You have to wait until you "sending the stove" to roast food. If there is a pregnant woman at home at this time, the winter solstice will give birth to a boy, otherwise the girl will give birth to a girl. When eating the winter solstice, the entrance must be paired in pairs to seek good luck. In the end, only two pills are left. Married people will have everything going well, and one pill is left. Single unmarried people will have everything going well. In the evening, some families use the timely fruits and three animals to worship gods and ancestors. There are also people who "dry winter rice" on this day, which means washing the white rice with water, and then saving it in the sun on this day, so that it can be left to cook porridge for people who are sick in the future.
